An independent RES exam study resource — not a Government website and not affiliated with the Council for Estate Agencies (CEA).Find My OrderHow to identify official CEA sources
Home / Free RES questions / Primary secondary market

Paper 1 · Lesson 9 — Real Estate Economics and Valuation

Primary secondary market

The primary (developer / new-launch) vs secondary (resale / subsale) market.

2 questionsAnswers & explanations includedFree — no sign-up

Question 1

Ms Pereira has a client with cash to deploy who has heard that property sometimes changes hands below market value at auction, and who has asked her to watch that market on his behalf over the next two years. She has never handled an auction sale and wants to know when to be paying attention.

Over lunch she puts the question to a colleague of nine years' standing, who tells her that auction volumes peak when the market is strongest, on the reasoning that a strong market is when the greatest number of sellers come forward and when buyers are most willing to bid.

Which statement is correct?

  1. A. The colleague is right; auction volumes track the general level of market activity.
  2. B. Auction volumes rise in a downturn, when lenders realise security on defaulted loans.
  3. C. Auction volumes are constant across the cycle, being set by the auction houses' schedules.
  4. D. The auction market operates only for commercial property, so the cycle does not apply.
Show the answer and full explanation

Answer: B

The rule. The auction market is counter-cyclical. It is busiest in a downturn, because supply comes largely from mortgagee sales — lenders realising security after borrowers default. Defaults rise when the market is weak, so auction volumes rise as general activity falls.

Why B is correct. It identifies both the timing (downturn) and the mechanism (lender-driven sales following default). The mechanism is what makes the timing follow.

The other options.

  • A is the colleague's reasoning and the intuitive answer: more activity everywhere should mean more auctions. It inverts the relationship by overlooking who supplies the market.
  • C treats volumes as an administrative matter. Supply is driven by defaults, not scheduling.
  • D restricts auctions to commercial property. Mortgagee sales are frequently residential.

Exam note. Ask who supplies the market. Once the answer is "lenders realising security", the counter-cyclical timing follows without separate memorisation.

Defaults rise when the market is weak, so auction volumes rise as general activity falls →

Question 2

A salesperson is preparing a note on why the property market is described as lagging, and how that description can be put to use rather than merely observed.

Consider the following statements.

  1. (i) The share market moves ahead of the property market.
  2. (ii) Because property lags, movements in the share market can be read as an early indicator.
  3. (iii) The lag typically runs between one and four quarters.
  4. (iv) Because property lags, no other market can assist in anticipating its movements.
  1. A. (i), (ii) and (iii) only
  2. B. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
  3. C. (ii) and (iv) only
  4. D. (i) and (iv) only
Show the answer and full explanation

Answer: A

The rule. The share market moves ahead of the property market by roughly one to four quarters. Because property lags, share market movements can be read as an early indicator.

Why A is correct. (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct. (iv) is false and contradicts (ii) — the lag is precisely what makes anticipation possible.

The other options.

  • B takes all four, holding (ii) and (iv) together.
  • C carries the false (iv).
  • D pairs the correct (i) with the contradictory (iv).

Exam note. A lag is useful information, not an obstacle. An option saying that lagging makes forecasting impossible has the logic backwards.

The share market moves ahead of the property market by roughly one to four quarters →

Practise it under exam conditions

Single questions test whether you know a rule. The paper tests whether you can find it in a scenario, at speed, with three plausible alternatives in the way. Start with the free 20-question half-paper.

Looking for past-year papers? CEA doesn't publish them — here's what it does publish.

Independent study material. Not affiliated with or endorsed by the Council for Estate Agencies. No pass guarantee — for study use only.